Can insurance markets alter poverty dynamics and reduce. Implementing social protection strategies pdf oecd. Social protection and the informal sector in developing. This first guide explains the basic principles of why social protection is needed. The section focuses on three aspects of social security. Existing social insurance programmes will thus be less effective in supporting workers in developing countries. Economic consequences of malnutrition malnutrition also slows economic growth and perpetuates poverty. A basic social floor is affordable in developing countries some financial institutions and economists have argued that social security programmes are simply unaffordable in developing countries. Three main reasons for the low coverage of social protection in developing countries concern. This view presupposes that informal economy workers do not have the requisite contributory capacity to participate in social insurance schemes. Section 3 discusses possible benefits of social protection policies in developing countries. Trade, poverty, and social protection in developing countries, wider working paper series 9, world institute for development economic research unuwider. The social and economic consequences of malnutrition. Social protection discussion paper series disability and social safety nets in developing countries sophie mitra may 2005 social protection unit human development network the world bank social protection discussion papers are not formal publications of.
Social protection in developing countries represents a new approach to reducing poverty. Social protection discussion paper series world bank. Through case studies of african, asian, and latin american countries, this book examines the global phenomenon of recent social protection reforms in low and middleincome areas, and how it differs across countries both in terms of scope and speed of institutional change. Trade, poverty, and social protection in developing countries. They are generally small in nature, and are seldom run from business premises. As in the original issues paper, this document concentrates upon poorer developing countries, and focuses. National development cooperation policies ndcps put in place by many developing countries are proving effective in. Expanding social protection in developing countries levy. It closes by assessing the political and bureaucratic feasibility of social protection reforms in other developing countries. The sps spells out the scope of social protection and commitment of the. Social protection and the informal sector in developing countries. One objective for developing countries should be to reduce the share. In the past, especially in the context of many developing countries, social protection schemes were. Can insurance markets alter poverty dynamics and reduce the.
Instead, they are run from homes, street pavements or other informal arrangements. Other newer, more nuanced, social protection programs aim to address the underlying market failures that. However, the introduction of public benefits could displace informal mechanisms for risk protection, which are especially prevalent in lmics. Do public program benefits crowd out private transfers in. This idea of social protection floors promulgated the development of numerous policy documents that guided the implementation of social protection interventions. The international forum for social development social. Pdf social protection for the poor and poorest in developing. Recent publications on social protection in developing countries. This is a reprint of the social protection strategy sps of the asian development bank, approved in september 2001. Social protection, safety nets, developing countries, asia, vietnam. Although the fraction of the worlds population considered the extreme poor has fallen by over onehalf over the past quarter century, many of those lifted above the global poverty line remain vulnerable to shocks that could place them back into poverty. Recent publications on social protection in developing. Escaping the low income low social protection trap in.
This paper is aimed at identifying the sources of income insecurity and vulnerability among workers in the informal sector in developing countries and examines alternative approaches to social protection for the informal sector. Request pdf social protection and childrens rights in developing countries children are one of the most vulnerable groups in almost any population because of their physical and emotional. Social protection for developing countries 161 p a g e the authors seek to reflect on the informal economy since a commitment to full employment and a decent standard of living necessarily embraces both formal and informal employment. Social protection in developing countries routledge. The challenges sought to be addressed by currently discussed social protection frameworks are not novel. Introduction social protection is the base of a secure and acceptable life. The theory and practice of social protection in developing countries has advanced at a rapid. Challenges and opportunities article pdf available january 2001 with 433 reads how we measure reads. Drawing on recent work and data on social protection in the developing world, this essay evaluates the current state of the art and suggests several important new lines of research. This paper discusses the importance of social security policies in developing economies, using empirical evidence from india.
Social security and ageing populations in developing countries. The voices that oppose the notion of universal social protection in part base their argument on the age old distinction between the deserving as opposed to the undeserving poor. Social protection has attracted increasing interest in developing countries in recent decades and policies have been initiated in all developing regions. For commoditydependent developing countries as a group, average annual growth of gdp per capita fell from. Some aim to simply supplement consumption in hard times. Africa social safety net and social protection assessment series until recently, most countries in africa implemented safety nets and social protection programs only on an ad hoc basis. On the one hand, social protection expenditure has.
The introduction of social welfare systems in western european countries was. Implementation of social protection interventions in. The current global financial crisis will have adverse effects on poor people in developing countries in the shortrun and across longer timescales. Extending social insurance to informal workers iv executive summary social protection policies are an important component of strategies to tackle poverty and the leave noone behind agenda. Challenges and opportunities iv,s sudharshan canagarajah. Pdf trade, poverty, and social protection in developing. The paper discusses the viability of implementing systems of social protection in developing countries and provides an empirical analysis of. But for the majority of workers in many developing countries, social, economic and political development is still at an early stage, or has been disrupted. Why we need social protection this is the first in a series of four policy guides developed to support policymakers and practitioners in asia and the pacific in their efforts to strengthen social protection.
This can be seen in policy documents and academic studies, but also in the wide range of recent policy reforms in a growing number of. Social protection for the poor and poorest in developing countries. Why we need social protection social protection toolbox. Chapter 36w challenges facing the developing countries 3 figure 1 countries of the world, classified by per capita gnp, 2000 income group u. Nutritionspecific interventions, which directly impact an individuals. Social protection is a key step in adbs battle to have asia and the pacific region free of poverty. Conclusion social protection, the development process and poverty.
Policy brief 62019 social protection, government revenue. This policy guide was developed by the social development division of united nations economic and social commission for asia and the pacific escap in. It aligns adbs 2001 social protection strategy with the inclusive growth agenda of strategy 2020. Practical implications the diversification of export products is one means for developed and developing countries alike to increase the scope for social protection expenditure. The case for designing social protection for women in developing countries social protection seeks to prevent, manage, and overcome risk. Social protection concepts and approaches overseas. However, recent years have been somewhat of a paradox in social protection. For commoditydependent developing countries as a group, average annual growth of gdp per capita fell from 2.
Wider working paper 201788 poverty, changing political. For instance, ghana developed the national social protection strategy nsps in 2007 as a framework for the implementation of about 44 social protection interventions. The book starts by discussing what socialprotection systems are meant to achieve and how they should be organised. When countries build up their social protection systems, they need reliable information and tools on how the systems should be designed. However, vulnerability within the context of healthrelated spending remains pervasive. In lowincome countries, more than one billion individuals are enrolled in at least one safety net program gentilini et al. But if crises are good for anything, it is to demonstrate how valuable to the most vulnerable in society social security benefits and assistance are.
We will be developing a monitoring and evaluation framework to measure change at the various levels of the theory of change. Which is precisely the aspect of social reform addressed by the excellent anthology social protection in developing countries. Implementation of social protection interventions in africa. Social security is a human right as it is stated in the declaration of human rights from 1949. Social protection in ghana friedrich ebert foundation. The risks women face in their daily lives in developing countries are shaped by differences from men in biological attributes and social norms 3 and by differences over the lifecycle see figure 1. How do shifts in trade affect social protections for the poor. Indeed, exclusion from social protection affects a significant number of the worlds population and the vast majority of poor people. However, the introduction of public benefits could displace informal mechanisms for riskprotection, which are especially prevalent in lmics. There is a programme on social security in ghana which. However, recent years have been somewhat of a paradox in social. By targeting the poorest with a variety of measures, social protection can protect basic consumption, support productive investments and strengthen the agency of the poor. National health insurance in asia and africafinal22may12. Among some development partners, social protection is considered part of the essential package of basic social services that the state ought to provide to its citizens.
Social protection and childrens rights in developing. Three factors will determine the future course of social protection in developing countries. Extending social security coverage would require delinking social security benefits and labormarket status. They also need to explore new ways of financing social. Social protection programs for women in developing countries. While the complexity of this crisis makes its path difficult to predict, recent advances in social protection thinking and practice provides an important body of experience for developing countries and. Practices, problems and prospects of pension plans in ethiopia. At the same time, many developing countries can build on large existing social assistance programmes. The ilos world social protection report, 201415 ilo 2014 asserts that countries in africa, together with countries in asia and the pacific, spend a far smaller share of gdp on child benefits about 0. Also, all research and action learning in child protection should contribute to refining this theory of change, with special priority given to the 3 x 3 essentials below. Social protection has emerged as a strategic component in the policy agenda of developing countries.
Its main objective is to tackle poverty and to protect people from risks and shocks caused by e. Social policy in developing countries brooklyn college. In the wake of the global economic, food and fuel price crises starting in 2008, however. Social protection and childrens rights in developing countries. Proportion of population covered by social protection floorssystems, by sex, distinguishing. The international forum for social development social justice. Social protection discussion paper series disability and social safety nets in developing countries sophie mitra may 2005 social protection unit human development network the world bank social protection discussion papers are not formal publications of the world bank. To strengthen resilience in developing countries, more resources can be allocated to ex ante instruments for disaster risk reduction.
These are the groups that require social protection to. Mixed and ad hoc social health protection mechanisms are the norm most low and middleincome countries are pursuing uhc through a diverse mix of social protection schemes, including health insurance. Social protection for developing countries 5 the informal sector consists of those businesses that are not registered in any way. Furthermore, 9in our povertystricken region policies and strategies. While initially the domain of middleincome developing countries, both kenya and ethiopia launched cash transfer programs in their most riskprone regions. The social and economic consequences of malnutrition in acp countries introduction. Precipitated by rapid globalization, rising inequality, population growth, and longevity gains, social protection programs have been on the rise in low and middleincome countries lmics in the last three decades.
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